Knee pain in everyday life

Why does my knee hurt?

Knee pain can turn an ordinary day into a challenge. Climbing stairs, getting up from a chair or going for a walk may become uncomfortable. The useful first question is what is causing the pain, because different problems need different care.

Pain around the front of the knee can sometimes be related to the way the kneecap moves and the muscles supporting it. A sudden increase in running, squatting or other repeated activity can contribute. This type of pain can affect people who do not play sports, too. 1

Arthritis is another possible cause. Osteoarthritis involves changes in the joint’s protective cartilage and may cause pain, stiffness and swelling. Previous injuries and inflammatory conditions can also affect the knee. Symptoms alone cannot reliably identify the cause. 2

Everyday habits that may help

• Build up exercise gradually instead of suddenly increasing its duration or intensity. 1
• Warm up before exercise and wear footwear suited to the activity. 1
• Ask about strengthening the muscles around the knee and hip. A physiotherapist can tailor exercises to your needs. 1, 2
• If an activity consistently causes pain, adjust it and seek advice. For some people with arthritis, lower-impact options such as cycling or swimming are more comfortable. 2
• If weight reduction is appropriate for you, it can reduce stress on the knee. 2

These habits can support joint health, but they cannot prevent every knee problem. Exercises should suit the cause of your pain and your current ability.

When should I seek help?

Arrange an assessment if pain persists, keeps returning or limits daily activities. Seek urgent medical assessment for severe pain, inability to bear weight, a badly swollen or misshapen knee, or a hot, red knee with fever. A knee that locks or repeatedly gives way also needs medical attention. 3

Does knee pain always require surgery?

Treatment depends on the diagnosis. For knee arthritis, initial options commonly include activity changes, physiotherapy and suitable medicines. Surgery may be considered when symptoms remain disabling despite appropriate nonsurgical care. 2

Before your visit, note when the pain began, any injury, where it hurts and which activities bring it on. Bring previous reports if you have them.

This article provides general education, not an individual diagnosis or treatment plan.